Job design in HRM refers to the process of structuring roles and responsibilities to optimize employee productivity and satisfaction. It involves determining the tasks, duties, and interactions that make up a job, as well as the methods used to perform them. Key considerations include job simplification, enrichment, enlargement, and rotation to balance workload, enhance skill utilization, and improve job satisfaction. Effective job design aligns individual capabilities with organizational goals, promotes efficiency, reduces turnover, and fosters a positive work environment conducive to employee engagement and performance.